1. What is the official language of Albania?
The official language of Albania is Albanian. It's unique, belonging to its own branch in the Indo-European language family. The language has two primary dialects: Gheg spoken in the north and Tosk spoken in the south. It's also spoken by minorities in countries like Kosovo, North Macedonia, Montenegro, and Greece.
2. What is the capital of Albania?
The capital of Albania is Tirana. Tirana is the country's largest city and serves as the economic, cultural, and administrative hub. With its vibrant nightlife, historic sites, and colourful Ottoman-, Fascist-, and Soviet-era architecture, Tirana offers a fascinating mix of tradition and modernity.
3. What currency is used in Albania?
The official currency of Albania is the Albanian Lek (ALL). While credit cards are increasingly accepted, particularly in Tirana and other major cities, cash is generally preferred, especially in rural areas and for small transactions. It's advisable for travellers to carry a mix of cash and cards.
4. What's the political system in Albania?
Albania is a parliamentary constitutional republic. The President is the head of state, while the Prime Minister is the head of government in a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government, legislative power is vested in both the government and the parliament of Albania, and the Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.
5. What are some traditional dishes one must try when in Albania?
Albanian cuisine is Mediterranean with a Balkan twist. Some dishes to try include 'Tavë Kosi' - a baked lamb and rice dish topped with yogurt, 'Byrek' - a flaky pastry often filled with cheese, spinach or meat, and 'Fërgesë' - a rich, bell pepper, tomato, and cottage cheese dish. Finish with 'Bakllava' for dessert, a sweet pastry layered with nuts and syrup.
6. What are the major industries in Albania?
Albania's major industries include textiles and clothing, footwear, mining, cement, oil, gas, and energy production. The country also has significant agriculture sector, producing items like wheat, corn, vegetables, fruits, and tobacco. Tourism is growing rapidly, thanks to Albania's rich history, Mediterranean climate, and affordable prices.
7. What is the population of Albania?
As of 2021, the estimated population of Albania is about 2.8 million people. The population is relatively young compared to other European countries, with a median age of around 36 years. The majority of the population, about 60%, lives in urban areas, with a significant portion residing in the capital, Tirana.
8. What's Albania's relationship with the European Union?
Albania is a candidate for accession to the European Union. It applied for EU membership in 2009 and was granted candidate status in 2014. As of 2021, negotiations for full membership are ongoing. Joining the EU is a strategic goal for Albania, as it would provide economic, political, and social benefits.
9. Can you describe the climate in Albania?
Albania has a Mediterranean climate with each season offering distinct, yet generally mild weather. Summers are typically hot and dry with cool, wet winters. The coastal areas have a milder climate, while the inland highlands experience cooler temperatures. Autumn is a popular time to visit due to the warm sea temperatures and vibrant fall colours.
10. What are some important historical events in Albania?
Notable historical events include the country's independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1912, the establishment of a Communist regime after World War II, and the regime's collapse in 1991. Albania's recent history has been marked by efforts to transition to a market economy, democratic reforms, and steps toward integration with Europe.
11. What is the landscape like in Albania?
Albania offers diverse landscapes - from coastal areas along the Adriatic and Ionian Seas to mountainous regions adorned with rivers and lakes. It's home to several national parks, including Butrint National Park on the southern coast and Dajti National Park near Tirana. Llogara Pass, Lake Ohrid, and Theth National Park are other natural highlights.
12. What is the time zone in Albania?
Albania operates on Central European Time (CET, UTC +1). From the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in October, daylight saving time is observed and the country switches to Central European Summer Time (CEST, UTC +2).
13. What is Albania's stance on international relations?
Albania's foreign policy emphasizes strong ties with Western countries. The nation is a member of NATO and the United Nations, and is an official candidate for accession to the EU. Albania maintains diplomatic relations with more than 115 countries and has a growing role in regional affairs.
14. What are popular tourist attractions in Albania?
Albania's top tourist attractions include the historic city of Gjirokastër, a UNESCO World Heritage site, the ancient ruins at Butrint National Park, the vibrant capital city Tirana, and the beach town of Sarandë. The stunning Albanian Alps also attract outdoor enthusiasts for hiking, climbing and camping.
15. How safe is Albania for travellers?
Generally, Albania is considered safe for travellers. Crime rates are relatively low, and people are known for their hospitality. However, like in any country, it's important to remain aware of your surroundings, especially in crowded places. Traffic can be a concern, as driving styles may differ from what travellers are used to.
16. What is the state of the economy in Albania?
As of 2021, Albania has a mixed and transitioning economy, with a large agricultural sector. It has experienced a substantial increase in the services sector, which now represents the largest portion of the GDP. The economy has been improving, but challenges like unemployment and the need for structural reforms remain.
17. What is the dominant religion in Albania?
The dominant religion in Albania is Islam, followed by Christianity in the forms of Orthodoxy and Catholicism. However, Albania is known for its religious tolerance, and many Albanians describe themselves as secular. The country has a history of coexistence and interfaith dialogue.
18. What is Albania's relationship with its neighboring countries?
Albania generally maintains friendly relations with its neighbors, which include Greece, North Macedonia, Kosovo, Montenegro, and across the Adriatic Sea, Italy. Issues do arise occasionally, such as disputes over borders or the rights of ethnic Albanians living in those countries, but these are typically handled diplomatically.
19. How can one travel around in Albania?
Options for travel within Albania include buses, taxis, and hiring a car. Trains exist but are limited and slower. Buses are the most popular choice for both locals and visitors. Roads have been improving but can still be challenging, especially in rural areas. Always allow extra time for travel, particularly for longer journeys.
20. What unique traditions does Albania have?
One unique Albanian tradition is the "sworn virgin" role, where a woman takes on the social roles of a man, often for reasons tied to family honour. On a lighter note, traditional Albanian hospitality includes a warm welcome for guests with offerings of food and drink. Folk dances, music, and crafts also play a big role in Albanian culture.